The Last Bastion: Constantinople 1453

This illustrated book provides a concise, chronological account of the epic siege and fall of Constantinople in 1453. It details the final days of the Byzantine Empire, highlighting the city's formidable defenses, the strategic brilliance and overwhelming force of the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II, and key events such as the use of massive cannons, the naval barrier of the Golden Horn, and the astonishing overland transport of Ottoman ships. The narrative culminates in the final breach of the walls on May 29, 1453, marking the end of an era. The book concludes by reflecting on the event's profound historical significance as a turning point that ended the Middle Ages, established Istanbul as the Ottoman capital, and reshaped global history.